Akibat Begadang

Para dokter di
National Taiwan Hospital baru-baru ini mengejutkan dunia kedokteran
karena ditemukannya kasus seorang dokter muda berusia 37 tahun yang
selama ini sangat mempercayai hasil pemeriksaan fungsi hati (GOT,GPT),
ternyata saat menjelang Hari Raya Imlek diketahui positif menderita
kanker hati sepanjang 10 cm!

Selama
ini hampir semua orang sangat bergantung pada hasil indeks pemeriksaan
fungsi hati (Liver Function Index). Mereka menganggap bila pemeriksaan
menunjukkan hasil index yang normal berarti semua OK.
Kesalahpahaman
macam ini ternyata juga dilakukan oleh banyak dokter spesialis.
Benar-benar mengejutkan, para dokter yang seharusnya memberikan
pengetahuan yang benar pada masyarakat umum, ternyata memiliki
pengetahuan yang tidak benar.
Pencegahan
kanker hati harus dilakukan dengan cara yang benar. Tidak ada jalan
lain kecuali mendeteksi dan mengobatinya sedini mungkin, demikian kata
dokter Hsu Chin Ch’uan. Tetapi ironisnya, ternyata dokter yang
menangani kanker hati juga bisa memiliki pandangan yang salah, bahkan
menyesatkan masyarakat, inilah penyebab terbesar kenapa kanker hati
sulit untuk disembuhkan.
Saat
ini ada seorang pasien dokter Hsu yang mengeluh bahwa selama satu bulan
terakhir sering mengalami sakit perut dan berat badannya turun sangat
banyak. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan supersound baru diketemukan
adanya kanker hati yang sangat besar, hampir 80% dari livernya (hati)
sudah termakan habis. Pasien sangat terperanjat, Bagaimana mungkin?
Tahun
lalu baru melakukan medical check-up dan hasilnya semua normal.
Bagaimana mungkin hanya dalam waktu satu tahun yang relatif singkat bisa tumbuh kanker hati yang demikian besar?
Ternyata check-up yang dilakukannya hanya memeriksa fungsi hati.
Hasil pemeriksaan juga menunjukkan normal.
Pemeriksaan fungsi hati adalah salah satu item pemeriksaan hati yang paling
dikenal oleh masyarakat. Tetapi item ini pula yang paling disalahpahami oleh masyarakat kita.
Pada
umumnya orang beranggapan bahwa bila hasil index pemeriksaan fungsi
hati menunjukkan angka normal berarti tidak ada masalah dengan hati.
Tetapi pandangan ini mengakibatkan munculnya kisah-kisah sedih karena hilangnya kesempatan mendeteksi kanker sejak stadium awal.
Dokter
Hsu mengatakan, GOT dan GPT adalah enzim yang paling banyak ditemui di
dalam sel-sel hati. Bila terjadi radang hati atau karena satu dan sebab
lain sehingga sel-sel hati mati, maka GOT dan GPT akan lari keluar. Hal
ini menyebabkan kandungan GOT dan GPT di dalam darah meningkat.Tetapi
tidak adanya peningkatan angka GOT dan GPT bukan berarti tidak terjadi
pengerasan pada hati atau tidak adanya kanker hati. Bagi banyak para
penderita radang hati, meski kondisi radang hati mereka telah berhenti,
tetapi dalam hati (liver) mereka telah terbentuk serat-serat dan
pengerasan hati. Dengan terbentuknya pengerasan hati, maka akan mudah
sekali untuk timbul kanker hati.
Selain
itu, pada stadium awal kanker hati, index hati juga tidak akan
mengalami kenaikan. Karena pada masa-masa pertumbuhan kanker, hanya
sel-sel di sekitarnya yang diserang sehingga rusak dan mati. Karena
kerusakan ini hanya secara skala kecil maka angka GOT dan GPT mungkin
masih dalam batas normal, katakanlah naik pun tidak akan terjadi
kenaikan yang tinggi. Tetapi oleh karena banyak orang yang tidak
mengerti akan hal ini sehingga
berakibat terjadilah banyak kisah sedih.
Penyebab utama kerusakan hati adalah :

• Tidur terlalu malam dan bangun terlalu siang adalah penyebab utama.
  
• Tidak buang air di pagi hari.
  
• Pola makan yang terlalu berlebihan.
  
• Tidak makan pagi.
  
• Terlalu banyak mengkonsumsi obat-obatan.
  
• Terlalu banyak mengkonsumsi bahan pengawet, zat tambahan, zat pewarna, pemanis buatan.
  
• Minyak goreng yang tidak sehat.
  Sedapat
  mungkin kurangi penggunaan minyak goreng saat menggoreng makanan, hal
  ini juga berlaku meski menggunakan minyak goreng terbaik sekalipun
  seperti olive oil. Jangan mengkomsumsi makanan yang digoreng bila kita
  dalam kondisi penat, kecuali dalam kondisi tubuh yang fit.
  
• Mengkonsumsi
  masakan mentah (sangat matang) juga menambah beban hati. Sayur mayur
  dimakan mentah atau dimasak matang 3 – 5 bagian. Sayur yang digoreng
  harus dimakan habis saat itu juga, jangan disimpan.
  

Kita
harus melakukan pencegahan dengan tanpa mengeluarkan biaya tambahan.
Cukup atur gaya hidup dan pola makanan sehari-hari. Perawatan dari pola
makan dan kondisi waktu sangat diperlukan agar tubuh kita dapat
melakukan penyerapan dan pembuangan zat-zat yang tidak berguna sesuai
dengan jadwalnya.
Sebab:
Malam
hari pk 9 – 11 : adalah pembuangan zat-zat tidak berguna/beracun
(de-toxin) di bagian sistem antibodi (kelenjar getah bening). Selama
durasi waktu ini seharusnya dilalui dengan suasana tenang atau
mendengarkan musik. Bila saat itu seorang ibu rumah tangga masih dalam
kondisi yang
tidak santai seperti misalnya mencuci piring atau mengawasi anak belajar, hal ini dapat berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan.
Malam hari pk 11 – dini hari pk 1 : saat proses de-toxin di bagian hati,harus berlangsung dalam kondisi tidur pulas.
Dini hari pk 1 – 3 : proses de-toxin di bagian empedu, juga berlangsung dalam kondisi tidur.
Dini
hari pk 3 – 5 : de-toxin di bagian paru-paru. Sebab itu akan terjadi
batuk yang hebat bagi penderita batuk selama durasi waktu ini. Karena
proses pembersihan (de-toxin) telah mencapai saluran pernafasan, maka
tak perlu minum obat batuk agar supaya tidak merintangi proses
pembuangan kotoran.
Pagi pk 5 -7 : de-toxin di bagian usus besar, harus buang air di kamar kecil.
Pagi
pk 7 – 9 : waktu penyerapan gizi makanan bagi usus kecil, harus makan
pagi. Bagi orang yang sakit sebaiknya makan lebih pagi yaitu sebelum pk
6:30. Makan pagi sebelum pk 7:30 sangat baik bagi mereka yang ingin
menjaga kesehatannya. Bagi mereka yang tidak makan pagi harap merubah
kebiasaannya ini, bahkan masih lebih baik terlambat makan pagi hingga
pk 9 -10 daripada tidak makan sama sekali.
Tidur
terlalu malam dan bangun terlalu siang akan mengacaukan proses
pembuangan zat-zat tidak berguna. Selain itu, dari tengah malam hingga
pukul 4 dini hari adalah waktu bagi sumsum tulang belakang untuk
memproduksi darah. Sebab itulah, tidurlah yang nyenyak dan jangan
bergadang.

Akibat Begadang

Para dokter di
National Taiwan Hospital baru-baru ini mengejutkan dunia kedokteran
karena ditemukannya kasus seorang dokter muda berusia 37 tahun yang
selama ini sangat mempercayai hasil pemeriksaan fungsi hati (GOT,GPT),
ternyata saat menjelang Hari Raya Imlek diketahui positif menderita
kanker hati sepanjang 10 cm!

Selama
ini hampir semua orang sangat bergantung pada hasil indeks pemeriksaan
fungsi hati (Liver Function Index). Mereka menganggap bila pemeriksaan
menunjukkan hasil index yang normal berarti semua OK.
Kesalahpahaman
macam ini ternyata juga dilakukan oleh banyak dokter spesialis.
Benar-benar mengejutkan, para dokter yang seharusnya memberikan
pengetahuan yang benar pada masyarakat umum, ternyata memiliki
pengetahuan yang tidak benar.
Pencegahan
kanker hati harus dilakukan dengan cara yang benar. Tidak ada jalan
lain kecuali mendeteksi dan mengobatinya sedini mungkin, demikian kata
dokter Hsu Chin Ch’uan. Tetapi ironisnya, ternyata dokter yang
menangani kanker hati juga bisa memiliki pandangan yang salah, bahkan
menyesatkan masyarakat, inilah penyebab terbesar kenapa kanker hati
sulit untuk disembuhkan.
Saat
ini ada seorang pasien dokter Hsu yang mengeluh bahwa selama satu bulan
terakhir sering mengalami sakit perut dan berat badannya turun sangat
banyak. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan supersound baru diketemukan
adanya kanker hati yang sangat besar, hampir 80% dari livernya (hati)
sudah termakan habis. Pasien sangat terperanjat, Bagaimana mungkin?
Tahun
lalu baru melakukan medical check-up dan hasilnya semua normal.
Bagaimana mungkin hanya dalam waktu satu tahun yang relatif singkat bisa tumbuh kanker hati yang demikian besar?
Ternyata check-up yang dilakukannya hanya memeriksa fungsi hati.
Hasil pemeriksaan juga menunjukkan normal.
Pemeriksaan fungsi hati adalah salah satu item pemeriksaan hati yang paling
dikenal oleh masyarakat. Tetapi item ini pula yang paling disalahpahami oleh masyarakat kita.
Pada
umumnya orang beranggapan bahwa bila hasil index pemeriksaan fungsi
hati menunjukkan angka normal berarti tidak ada masalah dengan hati.
Tetapi pandangan ini mengakibatkan munculnya kisah-kisah sedih karena hilangnya kesempatan mendeteksi kanker sejak stadium awal.
Dokter
Hsu mengatakan, GOT dan GPT adalah enzim yang paling banyak ditemui di
dalam sel-sel hati. Bila terjadi radang hati atau karena satu dan sebab
lain sehingga sel-sel hati mati, maka GOT dan GPT akan lari keluar. Hal
ini menyebabkan kandungan GOT dan GPT di dalam darah meningkat.Tetapi
tidak adanya peningkatan angka GOT dan GPT bukan berarti tidak terjadi
pengerasan pada hati atau tidak adanya kanker hati. Bagi banyak para
penderita radang hati, meski kondisi radang hati mereka telah berhenti,
tetapi dalam hati (liver) mereka telah terbentuk serat-serat dan
pengerasan hati. Dengan terbentuknya pengerasan hati, maka akan mudah
sekali untuk timbul kanker hati.
Selain
itu, pada stadium awal kanker hati, index hati juga tidak akan
mengalami kenaikan. Karena pada masa-masa pertumbuhan kanker, hanya
sel-sel di sekitarnya yang diserang sehingga rusak dan mati. Karena
kerusakan ini hanya secara skala kecil maka angka GOT dan GPT mungkin
masih dalam batas normal, katakanlah naik pun tidak akan terjadi
kenaikan yang tinggi. Tetapi oleh karena banyak orang yang tidak
mengerti akan hal ini sehingga
berakibat terjadilah banyak kisah sedih.
Penyebab utama kerusakan hati adalah :

• Tidur terlalu malam dan bangun terlalu siang adalah penyebab utama.
  
• Tidak buang air di pagi hari.
  
• Pola makan yang terlalu berlebihan.
  
• Tidak makan pagi.
  
• Terlalu banyak mengkonsumsi obat-obatan.
  
• Terlalu banyak mengkonsumsi bahan pengawet, zat tambahan, zat pewarna, pemanis buatan.
  
• Minyak goreng yang tidak sehat.
  Sedapat
  mungkin kurangi penggunaan minyak goreng saat menggoreng makanan, hal
  ini juga berlaku meski menggunakan minyak goreng terbaik sekalipun
  seperti olive oil. Jangan mengkomsumsi makanan yang digoreng bila kita
  dalam kondisi penat, kecuali dalam kondisi tubuh yang fit.
  
• Mengkonsumsi
  masakan mentah (sangat matang) juga menambah beban hati. Sayur mayur
  dimakan mentah atau dimasak matang 3 – 5 bagian. Sayur yang digoreng
  harus dimakan habis saat itu juga, jangan disimpan.
  

Kita
harus melakukan pencegahan dengan tanpa mengeluarkan biaya tambahan.
Cukup atur gaya hidup dan pola makanan sehari-hari. Perawatan dari pola
makan dan kondisi waktu sangat diperlukan agar tubuh kita dapat
melakukan penyerapan dan pembuangan zat-zat yang tidak berguna sesuai
dengan jadwalnya.
Sebab:
Malam
hari pk 9 – 11 : adalah pembuangan zat-zat tidak berguna/beracun
(de-toxin) di bagian sistem antibodi (kelenjar getah bening). Selama
durasi waktu ini seharusnya dilalui dengan suasana tenang atau
mendengarkan musik. Bila saat itu seorang ibu rumah tangga masih dalam
kondisi yang
tidak santai seperti misalnya mencuci piring atau mengawasi anak belajar, hal ini dapat berdampak negatif bagi kesehatan.
Malam hari pk 11 – dini hari pk 1 : saat proses de-toxin di bagian hati,harus berlangsung dalam kondisi tidur pulas.
Dini hari pk 1 – 3 : proses de-toxin di bagian empedu, juga berlangsung dalam kondisi tidur.
Dini
hari pk 3 – 5 : de-toxin di bagian paru-paru. Sebab itu akan terjadi
batuk yang hebat bagi penderita batuk selama durasi waktu ini. Karena
proses pembersihan (de-toxin) telah mencapai saluran pernafasan, maka
tak perlu minum obat batuk agar supaya tidak merintangi proses
pembuangan kotoran.
Pagi pk 5 -7 : de-toxin di bagian usus besar, harus buang air di kamar kecil.
Pagi
pk 7 – 9 : waktu penyerapan gizi makanan bagi usus kecil, harus makan
pagi. Bagi orang yang sakit sebaiknya makan lebih pagi yaitu sebelum pk
6:30. Makan pagi sebelum pk 7:30 sangat baik bagi mereka yang ingin
menjaga kesehatannya. Bagi mereka yang tidak makan pagi harap merubah
kebiasaannya ini, bahkan masih lebih baik terlambat makan pagi hingga
pk 9 -10 daripada tidak makan sama sekali.
Tidur
terlalu malam dan bangun terlalu siang akan mengacaukan proses
pembuangan zat-zat tidak berguna. Selain itu, dari tengah malam hingga
pukul 4 dini hari adalah waktu bagi sumsum tulang belakang untuk
memproduksi darah. Sebab itulah, tidurlah yang nyenyak dan jangan
bergadang.

How to Live With Multiple Myeloma

How to Live With Multiple Myeloma

Written by Alexa Canell on April 23, 2009 - 3:28pm

Multiple myeloma, a cancer of the plasma cell, is an incurable but treatable disease.

A myeloma diagnosis can be devastating, it is important to remember that there are several promising new therapies. The estimated frequency of multiple myeloma is 5 to 7 new cases per 100,000 persons per year.

Multiple myeloma is characterized by excessive numbers of abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow and overproduction of intact monoclonal immunoglobulin.

Hypercalcemia, anemia, renal damage, increased susceptibility to bacterial infection, and impaired production of normal immunoglobulin are common clinical manifestations of multiple myeloma. It is often also characterized by diffuse osteoporosis, usually in the pelvis, spine, ribs, and skull.

SYMPTOMS:
There are often no symptoms in the early stages of myeloma. In some cases, myeloma may be discovered by accident during routine blood testing. When present, symptoms may be vague and similar to those of other conditions.

Pain: a common early symptom of multiple myeloma is pain in the lower back or in the ribs. This is the result of tiny fractures in the bones caused by accumulation of plasma cells and weakened bone structures.

Fatigue: As the number of malignant plasma cells increases in the bone marrow, the growth and development of red blood cells in the bone marrow may be suppressed, leading to low levels of red blood cells in the blood. Anemia can result in unusual tiredness and abnormal paleness.

Nervous system dysfunction:
Weakening and collapsing bone structures may impinge on nerves, producing severe pain, tingling or numbness. Myeloma cells often produce abnormal proteins which contribute to the symptoms, and, in large amounts, cause a dangerous thickening of the blood known as hyperviscosity. The most visible aspect of myeloma disease is its effect on bones throughout the body. In the majority of patients with multiple myeloma, soft spots develop where the bone structure has been damaged. These can extend from the inner bone marrow to the outside surface of the bone. Soft spots appear as "holes" on a standard bone x-ray and are referred to asosteolytic lesions. These lesions weaken the bone, causing pain and increasing the risk of fractures.

Knowing Your treatment Options:
Information regarding treatments for the disease is constantly changing.
Deciding on a particular treatment for myeloma is a complex process. Treatment is tailored to each patient accordingly. There are several potential outcomes of treatment in myeloma. Although cures have not been documented in patients with myeloma, molecular complete responses have been achieved with some of the new therapies in clinical trials. Relapses still occur after molecular complete response, usually after a longer period of event-free survival. The choice of initial therapy is dependent on whether a patient is a candidate for high dose chemotherapy andautologous stem cell transplant a therapeutic strategy that offers improved response rates and survival in myeloma.
If a patient is not a candidate for an autologous transplant, the most common initial treatment is a combination of melphalan, a type of chemotherapy and prednisone, a type of corticosteroid . Cyclophosphamide and prednisone CP or other combinations of agents may also be used. High-dose dexamethasone another corticosteroid is often used in older patients who may be unable to tolerate other therapies, as is combination Thalomid thalidomide, Celgene and dexamethasone. .

Supportive therapies commonly used in myeloma include: Supportive care measures are an important aspect of the treatment of myeloma because they address the symptoms and complications of the disease.
Bisphosphonates, Growth factors, which help the bone marrow produce more red and white blood cells. Antibiotics, which help treat and prevent infection. Orthopedic interventions, which help control pain and improve functioning and mobility Pain control measures, such as medication, radiation, and radiopharmaceuticals such as Quadramet.

A special course of medicated enema called 'Ksheer-Basti' is used in multiple myeloma. This procedure is believed to act directly on the bone and bone marrow. Repeated courses of this procedure are effective in correcting the abnormal bone marrow and in reducing bone pain and fractures.

In addition to conventional treatments you can also use herbal treatments as well. I am not saying to stop your treatment with your oncologist but you can talk to your doctor about adding some herbal supplements to aid in your recovery and to ease some of the pain and other symptoms caused by your treatment as well as symptoms from the multiple myeloma.

Herbs are often used in combinations when combating an illness. These herbs and vitamins were picked up from different herbal combinations and are not meant to form a recipe.

Maritime Pine Bark a super antioxidant to dramatically stimulate the patients immunity and ability to fight the cancer.

Carotenoids very important for rebuilding and repair of body cells which is critical for multiple myeloma and cancer patients. Generally, a carotenoid mixture combined with a complete multi-vitamin with good mineral content will produce good results.

Lutein carotenoid that helps heal and prevent myeloma and cancer.

Vitamin A works with carotenoids

Garlic garlic has been shown to inhibit the formation of free radicals which can benefit those with cancer. Garlic also helps boost the immune system. A combination herbal immune system remedy often includes garlic.

Shiitake The shiitake mushroom stimulates a person's immune system to produce more interferon

Reishi The herb reishi mushroom serves both to boost the immune system and it also has anti-tumor fighting abilities. Normally it maybe found in an immune system herbal mixture

Blessed Thistle herb used in Europe for almost any problem and used for many inflammation problems and for cancers. Often used in a blend with myrrh and frankincense.

Red Clover Herb good for cancer therapy and works well with all of the other herbs listed on this page.

Carnitine Protects against damage from free radicals and toxins which are associated with cancerous cells.

Advanced Omega Increase to 5 tablets a day for 3 weeks then reduce to 4 tablets a day for 4 weeks then use normal dosage. The Advanced Omega should help with inflammation and pain.

These are just some of the vitamins and herbs that can help your therapy progression. I know that most vitamins and herbs can be very expensive but you can go online to Swanson Vitamins they have good quality vitamins and herbs at very low prices. Anything extra that you can do to speed up your recovery and keep you in remission is worth everything. You cant put a price on you life.

-LIQUID ORGANIC SPIRULINA

Products - Health Drink - K-LIQUID ORGANIC SPIRULINA

K-Liquid Organic Spirulina is an amazing supplement for health, energy and vitality as spirulina contains at least 12 vitamins, 11 minerals, 4 important pigments, 14 essential and non-essential fatty acids and 18 essential and non-essential amino acids.

Why choose spirulina?

• Spirulina has an amazing high nutritional profile.
• Spirulina is a rich source of enzymes and is the best whole-food source of Gamma Linelonic Acid (GLA). GLA is known to stimulate growth, act as anti-inflammatory and alleviate arthritic symptoms.
• Spirulina is the richest whole food source of protein, containing up to 70% of the nutrient as compared to eggs (12%), soybeans (35%), beef (17%), dried skim milk (35%), peanuts (25%), grains (8-14%) and whole milk (3%).
• Spirulina is rich in beta carotene. Its beta carotene is 10 times higher than that of a carrot. Beta carotene has anti-oxidant properties and plays a role in preventing heart disease and cancer.
• Spirulina contains a whole spectrum of natural mixed carotene and xanthophylls phyto-pigments. Spirulina’s pigments include chlorophyll, carotenoids, phycocyanin and superoxide dismutase, while calcium, magnesium, iron, phosphorous, potassium, sodium, mangananese, zinc, selenium, copper and chromium constitute its minerals content.
• K-Liquid Organic Spirulina is an effective energy booster and an ideal food supplement for people of all ages and lifestyles. It also cleanses our body’s internal organs and boosts our immune system.
• K-Liquid Organic Spirulina is derived from pure, unmodified and 100% natural organic spirulina. The organic spirulina is ecologically cultivated in the world’s largest spirulina farm in California , USA . The scientifically controlled cultivation spirulina is free from pesticides, herbicides and other impurities.
  

K-LIQUID CHLOROPHYLL

Products - Health Drink - K-LIQUID CHLOROPHYLL

K-Liquid Chlorophyll’s three main benefits:

1. Cleansing - refers to detoxification and eliminating impurities from our body.
2. Regulating - balances the hormones, acid and alkaline in our body.
3. Nourishing - provides nutrients for healthy blood to increase the oxygen level and red blood count.

What is Chlorophyll?

Chlorophyll is life’s natural elixir contained in the green pigment of plants. In the process known as “photosynthesis”, chlorophyll in green plants traps and stores the energy of sunlight, together with carbon dioxide in the air, water and minerals from the soil to produce food. The energy is required to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose – the chief source of energy for living organisms.

Why choose Alfalfa?

Alfalfa is chosen because it contains 4 times the chlorophyll of other vegetables. Its roots grow deep into the soil to absorb minerals like calcium, iron, magnesium and etc.

One table spoon of K-Liquid Chlorophyll is equivalent to 1 kg of vegetable consumption. It is a natural source of nutrient that is vital in stimulating good health.

Fights Free Radicals to Reduce Wrinkles & Aging

The chlorophyll in alfalfa contains antioxidants, which can help reduce free radicals in our body. Free radicals weaken our body, making us more susceptible to sickness. Free radicals are an active oxidized substance, generated by our own body through metabolism (breakdown of food and oxygen), that will destroy protein, lipid and DNA. It will affect normal cells to change and cause various diseases in the human body. Free radicals are a major contributor to ageing.

Chlorophyll is rich in:

Zinc –Zinc combines with vitamin A to promote good health
Selenium –Protects and energizes body cells
Vitamin E –Anti-ageing, nourishes skin and keeps the brain active
Vitamin C –Increases alertness and possesses anti-cancer properties
Vitamin A –Strengthens the heart’s function and improves vision.

Other nutrients include protein, biotin, folic acid, pantothenic acid and minerals such as calcium, cobalt, chromium, phosphorus, silicon, potassium, manganese, magnesium and iron.

Promotes Cell Regeneration and Boosts the Immune System

Dr. Richard Willstatter and Dr. Hans Fisher have in 1915 and 1930 respectively received the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Chemistry for discovering the molecular structure of human red blood cells and chlorophyll. Due to this, chlorophyll is shown to promote cell regeneration and reproduction as well as assist in building up the immune system.

Blood Production Property

Nobel Prize recipients, Dr. Richard Willstatter and Dr. Hans Fisher further discovered that the only difference between red blood cells and chlorophyll is that chlorophyll has a magnesium atom in its nucleus while red blood cells have iron. Thus, chlorophyll can help in cases of anemia and other blood deficiency conditions.

Cleanses Body of Pesticides and Drug Residue Toxins

Nutritionist Prof. Bernard Jensen pointed out that chlorophyll is effective in reducing toxin caused by pesticides and drug residue by purging them from the body. He further observed that healthy people generally have higher blood counts compared to the sick. However, after high consumption of chlorophyll, the sick showed an increase in blood count and improved health.

Reduces the Body’s Problems

Scientist Offen Krantz found that chlorophyll is highly beneficial to patients with stomach ulcers. Chlorophyll complements the medication prescribed by doctors for stomach ulcers.

Improves Skin Problems, Beautifies Complexion

The New England Medical Journal reported that chlorophyll can help in controlling skin problems and internal infection. The American Journal of Surgery published findings by Temple University on the use of chlorophyll to treat surgical wounds and other similar conditions.

ZOMETA

ZOMETA

GOLONGAN

GENERIK Zoledronic acid.

INDIKASI Pengobatan hiperkalsemia pada malignansi. Pencegahan kasus yang berhubungan dengan skeletal (fraktur patologis, kompresi spinal, radiasi atau operasi tulang, atau hiperkalsemia yang diinduksi oleh tumor) pada pasien dengan keganasan tingkat lanjut yang mengenai tulang. Terapi hiperkalsemia pada keganasan (HCM).

KONTRA INDIKASI Hamil dan laktasi.

PERHATIAN - Gangguan hati dan ginjal berat. - Monitor elektrolit dan kreatinin serum. - Menetap status hidrasi. Interaksi Obat: Efek aditif dengan aminoglikosida.

EFEK SAMPING Peningkatan suhu tubuh, flu-like syndrome, reaksi pada tempat suntikan ruam, pruritus, nyeri dada, dan gangguan gastro intestinal.

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Multiple myeloma

Definition

By Mayo Clinic staff

Multiple myeloma is a cancer of your plasma cells. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell present in your bone marrow.

In multiple myeloma, a group of abnormal plasma cells (myeloma cells) multiplies, raising the number of plasma cells to a more than normal level. The result can be erosion of your bones. The disease also interferes with the function of your bone marrow and immune system, which can lead to anemia and infection. Multiple myeloma may also cause kidney problems.

The disease is called multiple myeloma because myeloma cells can occur in multiple bone marrow sites in your body.

If you have multiple myeloma but don't have symptoms, your doctors may just monitor your condition. If you're experiencing symptoms, various treatments are available.

Symptoms

By Mayo Clinic staff

Although multiple myeloma may not cause symptoms early in the disease, it's likely that you'll experience signs and symptoms as the disease progresses.

Signs and symptoms of the disease can vary from person to person. Common multiple myeloma symptoms include:

• Bone pain.
• Presence of abnormal proteins — which can be produced by myeloma cells — in your blood or urine. These proteins — which are antibodies or parts of antibodies — are called monoclonal, or M, proteins. Often discovered during a routine exam, monoclonal proteins may indicate multiple myeloma, but also can indicate other conditions.
• High level of calcium in your blood. This can occur when calcium from affected bones dissolves into your blood.

If you have a high calcium level in your blood, you may experience signs and symptoms such as:

• Excessive thirst and urination
• Constipation
• Nausea
• Loss of appetite
• Mental confusion

Anemia can occur as myeloma cells replace oxygen-carrying red blood cells in your bone marrow, which may lead to another common symptom — fatigue.

Other signs and symptoms of multiple myeloma may include:

• Bone pain, particularly in your back or ribs
• Unexplained bone fractures
• Repeated infections — such as pneumonia, bladder or kidney infection, or sinusitis
• Weight loss
• Weakness or numbness in your legs

Causes

By Mayo Clinic staff

Multiple myeloma

(The growth of myeloma cells (bluish-stained cells) inhibits the growth of normal bone marrow cells.)

Although the exact cause isn't known, doctors do know that multiple myeloma begins with one abnormal plasma cell in your bone marrow — the soft, blood-producing tissue that fills in the center of most of your bones. This abnormal cell then starts to multiply.

Because abnormal cells don't mature and then die as normal cells do, they accumulate, eventually overwhelming the production of healthy cells. Healthy bone marrow consists of a small number of plasma cells, less than 5 percent. But in people with multiple myeloma, the number of plasma cells often increases to more than 10 percent.

Because myeloma cells may circulate in low numbers in your blood, they can populate other bone marrow sites in your body, even far from where they began. Uncontrolled plasma cell growth can damage bones and surrounding tissue. It can also interfere with your immune system's ability to fight infections by inhibiting your body's production of normal antibodies.

Researchers investigating cause
Experts aren't sure why this process begins. But, researchers are studying the DNA of plasma cells to try to understand what changes occur that cause these cells to become cancer cells. Though they haven't yet discovered the cause of these changes, they have found some common abnormalities in myeloma cells. For example, many myeloma cells are missing all or part of one chromosome — chromosome 13. Cells with a missing or defective chromosome 13 tend to be more aggressive and harder to treat than are cells with a normal chromosome 13.

A connection with MGUS
Multiple myeloma sometimes develops from a condition called monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). MGUS is more common in adults over age 50. This condition, like multiple myeloma, is marked by the presence of M proteins — produced by abnormal plasma cells — in your blood. However, in MGUS, the amount of the abnormal proteins isn't high enough to cause harm, and no damage to the bones occurs.

Risk factors

By Mayo Clinic staff

Multiple myeloma isn't contagious. Most people who develop multiple myeloma have no clearly identifiable risk factors for the disease.

Some factors that may increase your risk of multiple myeloma include:

• Age. The majority of people who develop multiple myeloma are older than 50, with most diagnosed around age 70. Few cases occur in people younger than 40.
• Sex. Men are more likely to develop the disease than are women.
• Race. Blacks are about twice as likely to develop multiple myeloma as are whites.
• History of a monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Every year 1 percent of the people with MGUS in the United States develop multiple myeloma.
• Obesity. Your risk of multiple myeloma is increased if you're overweight or obese.

Other factors that may increase your risk of developing multiple myeloma include exposure to radiation and working in petroleum-related industries.

When to seek medical advice

By Mayo Clinic staff

If you're persistently more tired than you used to be, you've lost weight, and you experience bone pain, repeated infections, loss of appetite, excessive thirst and urination, persistent nausea, increased constipation, or weakness or numbness in your legs, your signs and symptoms may indicate multiple myeloma or other serious diseases. See your doctor to determine the underlying cause.

Tests and diagnosis

By Mayo Clinic staff

Your doctor may first detect signs of multiple myeloma before you ever have symptoms — through blood and urine tests conducted during a routine physical exam. If you don't yet have symptoms, these lab tests may be repeated every few months so that your doctor can track whether your disease is progressing and determine the best time to start treatment.

Blood and urine tests
A blood test called serum protein electrophoresis separates your blood proteins and can detect the presence of M proteins, called an "M spike," in your blood. Parts of M proteins may also be detected in a test of your urine — when found in urine, they're referred to as Bence Jones proteins.

If your doctor discovers M proteins, you'll likely need additional blood tests to measure blood cell counts and levels of calcium, uric acid and creatinine. Your doctor may also conduct other blood tests to check for beta2-microglobulin — another protein produced by myeloma cells — or to measure the percent of plasma cells in your bone marrow.

Other tests
You may also need other tests. They may include:

• Imaging. X-rays of your skeleton can show whether your bones have any thinned-out areas, common in multiple myeloma. If a closer view of your bones is necessary, your doctor may use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized tomography (CT) scanning.
• Bone marrow examination. Your doctor may also conduct a bone marrow examination by using a needle to remove a small sample of bone marrow tissue. The sample is then examined under a microscope to check for myeloma cells.

Staging and classification
These tests can help confirm whether you have multiple myeloma or another condition. If tests indicate you have multiple myeloma, the results from these tests allow your doctor to classify your disease as stage 1, stage 2 or stage 3. People with stage 3 myeloma are more likely to have one or more signs of advanced disease, including greater numbers of myeloma cells and kidney failure.

Complications

By Mayo Clinic staff

Multiple myeloma can result in several complications:

• Impaired immunity. Myeloma cells inhibit the production of antibodies needed for normal immunity. Having multiple myeloma may make you more likely to develop infections, such as pneumonia, sinusitis, bladder or kidney infection, skin infections and shingles.
• Bone problems. Multiple myeloma also can affect your bones, leading to erosion of bone mass and fractures. The condition may cause compression of your spinal cord. Signs of this medical emergency include weakness, or even paralysis, in your legs.
• Impaired kidney function. Multiple myeloma may cause problems with kidney function, including kidney failure. Higher calcium levels in the blood related to eroding bones can interfere with your kidneys' ability to filter your blood's waste. The proteins produced by the myeloma cells can cause similar problems, especially if you become dehydrated.
• Anemia. As cancerous cells crowd out normal blood cells, multiple myeloma can also cause anemia and other blood problems.

Treatments and drugs

By Mayo Clinic staff

Generally, if you have multiple myeloma and aren't experiencing symptoms, you don't need treatment. However, your doctors will likely monitor your condition at variable intervals, checking for signs — such as increasing levels of M protein in your blood or urine — that indicate the disease is progressing. If it is, you may need treatment to help prevent symptoms. In people diagnosed with asymptomatic multiple myeloma, the risk of developing symptoms is about 10 percent a year for the first five years after learning that they have the disease.

If you're experiencing symptoms, treatment can help relieve pain, control complications of the disease, stabilize your condition and slow the progress of the disease.

Standard treatments for myeloma
Though there's no cure for multiple myeloma, with good treatment results you can usually return to near-normal activity. The appropriate multiple myeloma treatment depends on your needs, medical status and general health. You may also wish to consider approved clinical trials as an option.

Standard treatment options include:

• Chemotherapy. Chemotherapy involves using medicines — taken orally as a pill or given through an intravenous (IV) injection — to kill myeloma cells. Chemotherapy is often given in cycles over a period of months, followed by a rest period. Often chemotherapy is discontinued during what is called a plateau phase or remission, during which your M protein level remains stable. You may need chemotherapy again if your M protein level begins to rise. Common chemotherapy drugs used to treat myeloma are melphalan (Alkeran), cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), vincristine (Oncovin), doxorubicin (Adriamycin) and liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil).
• Corticosteroids. Corticosteroids such as prednisone and dexamethasone (Decadron) have been used for decades to treat multiple myeloma. They are typically given as pills. Some research suggests that high doses of steroids may not be needed, and that lower doses may be safer and more effective.
• Stem cell transplantation. This treatment involves using high-dose chemotherapy — usually high doses of melphalan — along with transfusion of previously collected immature blood cells (stem cells) to replace diseased or damaged marrow. The stem cells can come from you or from a donor, and they may be from either blood or bone marrow.
• Thalidomide (Thalomid). Thalidomide, a drug originally used as a sedative and to treat morning sickness in the 1950s, was removed from the market after it was found to cause severe birth defects. However, the drug received approval from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) again in 1998, first as a treatment for skin lesions caused by leprosy. Thalidomide is currently FDA-approved in conjunction with the corticosteroid called dexamethasone for the treatment of newly diagnosed cases of multiple myeloma. This drug is given orally.
• Bortezomib (Velcade). Velcade was the first approved drug in a new class of medications called proteasome inhibitors. It is administered intravenously. It works by blocking the action of proteasomes, which causes cancer cells to die. One study showed that bortezomib had more than twice the response rate of a commonly used drug, dexamethasone. Bortezomib is approved for use as an initial treatment for people with multiple myeloma.
• Lenalidomide (Revlimid). Lenalidomide is chemically similar to thalidomide, but appears to be more potent and cause fewer side effects. It is given orally. Lenalidomide is FDA-approved for use in combination with dexamethasone as a treatment for people who have received at least one prior therapy for multiple myeloma.
• Radiation therapy. This treatment uses high-energy penetrating waves to damage myeloma cells and stop their growth. Radiation therapy may be used to target myeloma cells in a specific area — for instance, to more quickly shrink a tumor that's causing pain or destroying a bone.

Initial therapy for myeloma
The initial chemotherapy used to treat multiple myeloma depends on whether you're considered a candidate for stem cell transplantation. Factors such as the risk of your disease progressing, your age and your general health play a part in determining whether stem cell transplantation may be right for you.

• If you're considered a candidate for stem cell transplantation: Your initial therapy will likely exclude melphalan because this drug can have a toxic effect on stem cells, making it impossible to collect enough of them. You may begin treatment with the most common initial myeloma therapy in the United States, thalidomide plus dexamethasone. Or your doctor may instead recommend a newer regimen, lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone.

  Your stem cells will likely be collected after you've undergone three to four months of treatment with these initial agents. Your doctor may recommend undergoing the stem cell transplant soon after your cells are collected or delaying the transplant until after a relapse, if it occurs. Your age and your personal preference are important factors that will help your doctor make his or her recommendation.

• If you're not considered a candidate for stem cell transplantation: Your initial therapy is likely to be a combination of melphalan, prednisone and thalidomide (MPT). If the side effects are intolerable, melphalan plus prednisone is another option (MP). This type of therapy is typically given for about 12 to 18 months.

Treatments for relapsed or treatment-resistant multiple myeloma
Most people who are treated for multiple myeloma eventually experience a relapse of the disease. And in some cases, none of the currently available, first-line therapies slow the cancer cells from multiplying. If you experience a relapse of multiple myeloma, your doctor may recommend repeating another course of the treatment that initially helped you. Another option is trying one or more of the other treatments typically used as first-line therapy, either alone or in combination.

Research on a number of promising new treatment options is ongoing, and these drugs offer important options for those with multiple myeloma. Talk to your doctor about what clinical trials may be available to you.

Treating complications
Because multiple myeloma can cause a number of complications, you may also need treatment for those specific conditions. For example:

• Back pain. Taking pain medication or wearing a back brace can help relieve the back pain you might experience with multiple myeloma.
• Kidney complications. People with severe kidney damage may need dialysis.
• Infections. Antibiotics may be necessary to help treat infections or to help reduce your risk of them.
• Bone loss. You may take medications called bisphosphonates, such as pamidronate (Aredia) or zoledronic acid (Zometa), which bind to the surface of your bones and help prevent bone loss. Treatment with these drugs is associated with the risk of harm to the jawbone. If you're taking these medications, don't have dental procedures done without consulting your doctor first.
• Anemia. If you have persistent anemia, your doctor may prescribe erythropoietin injections. Erythropoietin is a naturally occurring hormone made in the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells. Research suggests that the use of erythropoietin may increase the risk of blood clots in some people with myeloma.

Lifestyle and home remedies

By Mayo Clinic staff

The following tips may help you keep multiple myeloma under control:

• Stay active. Exercise helps keep your bones stronger. If pain keeps you from being active, ask your doctor about ways to lessen the pain.
• Drink fluids. Drinking fluids can help keep you from becoming dehydrated. And by drinking plenty of fluids, you help dilute the Bence Jones protein fragments in your urine, which may help prevent kidney damage.
• Eat a balanced diet. One way to promote your overall health and cope with any form of cancer is to eat well. The amount of M protein in your system isn't affected by how much protein you eat, so there's no need to limit protein intake unless told otherwise by your doctor. Don't take vitamins, herbs or medications without your doctor's approval because they may interfere with your treatment.

Coping and support

By Mayo Clinic staff

A diagnosis of cancer can be extremely challenging. Remember that no matter what your concerns or prognosis, you're not alone. These strategies and resources may make dealing with cancer easier:

• Know what to expect. Find out everything you can about your cancer — the type, stage, risks, your treatment options and their side effects. The more you know, the more active you can be in your care. In addition to talking with your doctor, look for information in your local library and on the Internet. The National Cancer Institute will answer questions over the phone from the public at 800-4-CANCER, or 800-422-6237. Or contact the American Cancer Society at 800-ACS-2345, or -800-227-2345. Information is also available on their Web sites.
• Be proactive. Although you may feel tired and discouraged, don't let others — including your family or your doctor — make important decisions for you. It's vital that you take an active role in your treatment.
• Maintain a strong support system. Having a support system and a positive attitude can help you cope with any issues, pain and anxieties that might occur. Although friends and family can be your best allies, they sometimes may have trouble dealing with your illness. If so, the concern and understanding of a formal support group or others coping with cancer can be especially helpful. Although support groups aren't for everyone, they can be a good source for practical information for you and your family, too. You may also find you develop deep and lasting bonds with people who are going through the same things you are.
• Set reasonable goals. Having goals helps you feel in control and can give you a sense of purpose. But don't choose goals you can't possibly reach. You may not be able to work a 40-hour week, for example, but you may be able to work at least part time. In fact, many people find that continuing to work can be helpful.
• Take time for yourself. Eating well, relaxing and getting enough rest can help combat the stress and fatigue of cancer. Also, plan ahead for the downtimes, when you may need to rest more or limit what you do.
• Stay active. Having cancer doesn't mean you have to stop doing the things you enjoy or normally do. For the most part, if you feel well enough to do something, go ahead and do it. It's important to stay involved as much as you can.